Epinephrine
From BME Encyclopedia
Epinephrine (or adrenaline) is commonly combined with injectable anesthetics due to its properties as a vasoconstrictor. That is, it causes blood vessels to shrink closed. This means the anesthetic will last longer (since it is not carried away in the blood), and less bleeding will occur.
It should be noted that because of its vasoconstrictive properties, many doctors warn that it should be avoided in extremities and digits since the small blood vessels can be permanently collapsed. It should also be avoided by those with heart conditions.
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